We describe here the first documented nest and nestling of the Chestnut-crowned Foliage-gleaner (Automolusrufipileatus) in Brazil. They were recorded in the municipality of Vitória do Xingu, state of Pará, at Amazonian domains. As othermembers of the genus Automolus, the nest of A. rufipileatus was in a steep clay bank on the edge of a small stream, comprising aninclined entrance tunnel to access two distinct chambers. The nest can be classified as a cavity with inclined tunnel. When discovered,the nest housed a nestling in advanced stage of development; therefore, it was not possible to describe the eggs, incubation periodand nestling’s initial development. We encourage additional studies on Chestnut-crowned Foliage-gleaner reproductive biology. Leia na íntegra.