The aposematic Brazil-nut Poison Frog Adelphobates castaneoticus (Caldwell and Myers, 1990) is a diurnal dendrobatid inhabiting the floor of the rain forest. This is a small species (snout-vent length 18-23 mm) that has black as the prevalent color throughout the body with small spots and/or short white lines in the back region; the front and hind limbs are brown with orange blotches (Caldwell and Myers, 1990). As many other dendrobatids, females lay eggs in the land and later males transport tadpoles to the water. The development of tadpoles in the water contained by bromeliads or even husks of Brazil nuts has been reported for this species (Lima et al., 2006; Rodrigues and RamosAzevedo, 2004). The taxon is endemic from Amazonian rain forests in the Sate of Pará, Brazil. The species was described by Caldwell and Myers (1990) from Cachoeira do Juruá, and also reported from other regions such as Taperinha, about 300 kilometers northwest from its type locality (Frost, 2015). Lima and Gallati (2001) and Camera and Krinski (2014) presented additional records of the species in the State of Pará (Table 1)